The basics
The object of the blackjack
game is to accumulate cards with point
totals as close to 21 without going over
21. Face cards (Jacks, Queens
and Kings) are worth 10 points.
Aces are worth 1 or 11, whichever is
preferable. Other cards are represented
by their number.
If player and the House tie, it is a
push and no one wins. Ace and
10 (Blackjack) on the first two
cards dealt is an automatic player win
at 1.5 to 1, unless the house ties. A
player may stand at any time.
Playing blackjack
To win you need to beat the dealer
without busting. You bust when your
cards total to more than 21 and you
lose automatically. The winner is
whoever has closest to a total of 21.
You reach 21 by adding up the values of
the cards.
The blackjack table seats
about 6 players. Either six or eight
decks of cards are used and are
shuffled together by the dealer and
placed in a card dispensing box called
'Shoe'.
Before receiving any cards players
must place a wager. Then the players are
dealt two cards face up. The dealer gets
one face up, one face down. Each player
in turn either stays or takes more cards
to try and get closer to 21 without
busting. Players who do not bust wait
for the dealer's turn. When all the
players are done, the dealer turns up
the down card. By rule, on counts of 17
or higher the dealer must stay; on
counts of 16 or lower the dealer must
draw.
If you make a total of 21 with the
first two cards (a 10 or a face and an
Ace), you win automatically. This is
called 'Blackjack'. If you have
Blackjack, you will win one and one-half
times your bet unless the dealer also
has Blackjack, in which case it is a
Push or a Tie (or a Stand-off) and you
get your bet back.
The remaining players with a higher
count than the dealer win an amount
equal to their bet. Players with a lower
count than the dealer lose their bet. If
the dealer busts, all the remaining
players win. There are other betting
options namely Insurance, Surrender,
Double Down, Even Money and Split.
- Insurance: side bet up to
half the initial bet against the
dealer having a natural 21 - allowed
only when the dealer's showing card
is an Ace. If the dealer has a 10
face down and makes a blackjack,
insurance pays at 2-1 odds, but
loses if the dealer does not.
- Surrender: giving up your
hand and lose only half the bet.
- Early Surrender:
surrender allowed before the dealer
checks for blackjack.
- Late Surrender: the
dealer first checks to see if he has
blackjack. If he does, surrender is
not permitted.
- Double Down: double your
initial bet following the initial
two-card deal, but you can hit one
card only. A good bet if the player
is in a strong situation.
- Even Money: cashing in
your bet immediately at a 1:1 payout
ratio when you are dealt a natural
blackjack and the dealer's showing
card is an Ace.
- Split Hand: split the
initial two-card hand into two and
play them separately - allowed only
when the two first cards are of
equal value. Use each card as the
start to a separate hand and place a
second bet equal to the first.
- Hard Hand: A hand without
an Ace, or with an Ace valued at 1
is said to be Hard in that it can
only be given one value, unlike a
Soft Hand. (You can value an Ace 1
or 11 to suit you).
- Soft Hand: A hand that
contains an Ace counted as 11 is
called a Soft Hand.
House advantage (approximate,
may vary with different rules)
Without basic strategy 7% average.
With basic strategy 0.5% or less.
Card counting can reverse the advantage
up to 1% to the player.
Some blackjack variations
Using different number of decks: all
other conditions being the same, as a
general rule the fewer the decks, the
better for the player.
Allowing the dealer to hit a soft 17:
a disadvantage to the player. It gives
the dealer a chance to improve.
Allowing a double down after
splitting pairs: can be
advantageous to the player if used
wisely.
Allowing re-splitting of Aces: a
clear advantage to the player.
No dealer hole card: common on
cruise ships, this variation is a
disadvantage to the player. The dealer
does not deal himself a second card
until the players have played and they
can lose the doubles and splits.
Las Vegas and Atlantic City
variants
Las Vegas blackjack:
Las Vegas games are played with two
decks and the House must hit on hands
less than soft 17 (17 involving an
Ace) and must stand on hands of 17
or greater.
Atlantic City blackjack:
Atlantic City games are played with
four decks and the House must hit on
16 and stand all 17's.